Pancreatitis: symptoms and causes of disease of the pancreas

Pancreatitis: symptoms and causes of disease of the pancreas Photo: poylock19 / Shutterstock.com

Disease

01.04.2017
2017-04-01

2051700

39

Ksenia Skrypnik

Pancreatitis – pancreatic disease of an inflammatory nature. Depending on the clinical picture distinguish acute and chronic pancreatitis. These two forms of pancreatitis differ in the mechanism of occurrence, etiology of pancreatitis, and the choice of primary therapy and projections of recovery.

Pancreatitis: symptoms and causes of disease of the pancreas

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What is pancreatitis?

Pancreatitis is an inflammatory process that affects the pancreas tissue, organ intra – and exocrine function. Itself the pancreas located behind the stomach in the retroperitoneal area, adjacent to the duodenum. The name “pancreas” iron was due to the location closer to the back, thus, during the examination she is lying “below the stomach”.
The main purpose of this body is to develop pancreatic juice with enzymes and bicarbonates of participating in the process of digestion in the body. While waiting for food and to enroll her in the stomach enzymes and juices begin to transported from the pancreas through a connecting duct into the small intestine, providing a process of enzyme treatment of food substance participating in metabolism, promoting the absorption of nutrients through the walls of the small intestine. Pancreatic fluid neutralizes the acidic environment of gastric juice directly into the intestine, where digestive enzymes aktiviziruyutsya and begin to perform its function of splitting and recycling of substances.
The main digestive enzymes produced by the pancreas are:

  • amylase, facilitating the processing of starch to sugar;
  • lipase, an enzyme that breaks down fats;
  • trypsin, chymotrypsin – enzymes involved in the breakdown of proteins;
  • insulin, a polypeptide, glucagon and others.

Causes of pancreatitis in violation of the outflow of pancreatic (digestive) juices from the pancreas to the area of the duodenum. Stopping inside the gland with a partial or complete overlap of the duct, and when casting inside the ducts of the intestinal contents, enzymes aktiviziruyutsya ahead of time and begin to process, digest the surrounding tissue. Occurs when inflammation of the pancreas juice and enzymes delay a devastating effect on pancreatic tissue in the first place, however, prolonged exposure to the negative impact accumulates pancreatic enzymes and pancreatic juice also extends to nearby tissues, organs, blood vessels. Collapsing cells enhanced the activity of digestive enzymes, involving the traumatic process all over a vast area. In severe cases, accompanied by necrosis of the pancreas, pancreatitis can cause death.
The maximum amount of digestive juice and enzymes required for processing of starchy foods. Excessive consumption of fatty foods, especially saturated with spices, and alcohol abuse contribute to the delay of the enzymes in the pancreas. The reasons for the delay of digestive enzymes and juices can become and other factors.

The development of pancreatitis in adults

Statistics on the prevalence of the disease in adults vary widely depending on climate, dietary habits adopted in different countries, traditions of consumption of alcoholic beverages. Also, there is a significant difference in the incidence in female and male, as the mechanism of the disease, and for the reasons, it causing.
The main risk for the development of pancreatitis consists of the adult population, due to the frequency of alcohol consumption, unbalanced diet and accession of comorbidities.

The reasons for the development of the disease in men

The “trigger” male patients with primary pancreatitis with a high frequency becomes alcohol intake (so-called alcoholic pancreatitis) and a predominance of fatty foods, processed foods. Also a distinctive feature of pancreatitis in men is the chronic form, ignoring the characteristic symptoms and exacerbations, “launched” the pancreatitis is due to late presentation to the gastroenterologist.

The etiology of pancreatitis in women

The female most often experience the following causes of pancreatitis:

  • cholelithiasis, contribute to the development of pancreatitis and cholecystitis;
  • hormonal fluctuations and violations that will result in inflammation of the pancreas: pregnancy, menopause, intake of birth control pills hormonotherapy;
  • fasting, diet, unbalanced composition of food, injurious to their health.

Causes of reactive disease in adults

Secondary, or reactive pancreatitis develops on the background of existing illnesses and consequences of traumas of the abdominal organs, surgical interventions, etc. the Most common factors contributing to the development of reactive pancreatitis, become diseases of the digestive system, such as:

  • noninfectious hepatitis;
  • cholelithiasis;
  • gastritis;
  • cirrhosis of the liver;
  • biliary dyskinesia;
  • intestinal infection.

Causes of pancreatitis in children

 

Pancreatitis: symptoms and causes of disease of the pancreas

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The definition of causes of pancreatitis, the child is performed by a specialist – a pediatric gastroenterologist. In the power of childhood the etiology of inflammatory processes in the pancreas is different from adult mechanisms of disease occurrence.
The most commonly pancreatitis in children is a consequence of injury, surgical interventions, resulting in damage to the ducts of the pancreas and/or tissues. Genetic predisposition of excessive production of digestive juice, cystic fibrosis (intestinal, pulmonary, mixed form), as well as food allergies, chronic inflammatory processes in the body, the consequences of mumps and other illnesses and digestive disorders and other functions cause the development of pancreatitis in children and adolescents.

Classification and causes of pancreatitis

Pancreatitis symptoms, mechanism of disease development, diagnostics and therapy are the object of study of specialists for several centuries. In the process of improving diagnostic techniques, research capabilities and experience offered several types of classification of pancreatitis based on the clinical symptoms, the nature of lesions, causes and so on.
At the moment there are two kinds of pancreatitis according to the etiology of the disease, the form and characteristics of the disease.

Classification of diseases according to causes

The reasons for the development of the disease there are primary and secondary, reactive pancreatitis.
The primary form of the disease develops on the background of lesions of the tissues of the pancreas. Among the main causes of the destructive processes are the following:

  • the abuse of alcohol beverages (from 40 to 70% of cases, depending on the region), nicotinamine;
  • damage of the pancreas resulting from intraabdominal injuries, surgical interventions and individual diagnostic procedures, in particular, possible implications for endoscopy (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and papillosphincterotomy);
  • long-term, especially uncontrolled use of drugs, aggressive affect hormones (some groups of antibiotics (tetracyclines), èstrogensoderžaŝimi drugs, corticosteroids, acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin), sulfanilamide drugs, certain diuretics, etc.);
  • poisoning of food products, chemicals;
  • eating large amounts of food with synthetic additives, treated with pesticides and other chemicals;
  • genetic predisposition to digestive diseases, congenital abnormalities of the pancreas;
  • an unbalanced diet with an excess of oily and spicy foods, especially during long breaks between meals.

The primary form of the disease can develop at any age. Timely diagnosis and therapy can halt or slow destructive processes in the tissues of the pancreas, to restore lost organ function and to avoid severe complications.
On the secondary, reactive pancreatitis say, when the etiology of the disease is possible to diagnose the root cause of diseases of other organs of the gastrointestinal tract and digestive system as a whole (statistically the most common cause pancreatitis is considered a reactive cholelithiasis) and also provocative action of infectious diseases (most often viral hepatitis, and dysentery, sepsis, chronic foci of inflammation, for example, in psoriasis), diabetes, hereditary diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis or Crohn’s disease; cardiovascular diseases; parasitic infestations of the biliary tract and so on. Diagnosis of the causes of pancreatitis can be complicated. However, the success of treatment depends mainly on elimination of factors causing the disease and prevention of exacerbations.

Classification of pancreatitis according to the shape and characteristics of the disease

The inflammatory process leads to partial or complete loss of the pancreas’s main functions. Destruction of cells of this glandular organ can lead to irreversible processes. In the human body not a body-double, is able to replace the pancreas.
Depending on the symptoms and forms of the disease distinguish acute and chronic pancreatitis. Forms of the disease are different clinical picture, methods of treatment and health outcomes.
Acute pancreatitis is called rapidly developing inflammatory disease is accompanied by the risk of irreversible changes in tissues and the structure of the pancreas, destruction, partial or complete, other organs and even death. In case of acute pancreatic juice, zastaivayas in the gland, aktiviziruyutsya and destroys its cells.
In this disease there is significant damage to the cells of the body, accompanied by swelling. The main risk group – adults in the age group 30-60 years, although acute pancreatitis can occur in children as a consequence of such negative factors as:

  • the lack of a regime of eating;
  • the predominance in the diet of fatty and spicy food, convenience foods, fast food;
  • blunt trauma to the abdominal region;
  • worm infestation of the digestive system;
  • congenital malformations of the gallbladder, duct, duodenum, pancreatic ductal;
  • and hereditary tendencies disorders, infectious diseases, etc.

In childhood age acute form of pancreatitis usually has less pronounced symptoms. Clinical picture, diagnostic methods and treatment principles are different from the acute destructive pancreatitis in adult patients.

Features of chronic inflammation of the pancreas

About pancreatitis in the chronic form, say when the disease occurs with periods of exacerbations and remissions. As the progression develops pancreatic insufficiency: the glandular tissue of the organ undergoes changes and is replaced by connective, which is not capable of producing digestive enzymes and pancreatic juice. Lack of enzymes causes a disruption in the functioning of the digestive system.
This form of the disease is observed in patients of different age. Lately experts say the upward trend in diagnoses of recurrent pancreatitis occurring in a chronic form, which is triggered by the popularization and accessibility of convenience foods, fast food, junk food and also alcoholism.
There are two stages of a chronic disease. The initial stage is expressed minor symptoms and may persist for several years depending on lifestyle and overall health. For the initial stage followed by a period in which deviations and abnormalities in the functioning of the pancreas are becoming more pronounced and bother almost constantly. Exacerbation of chronic forms mostly triggers eating spicy, fatty or fried foods, carbonated drinks and alcohol, especially on an empty stomach.

Symptoms of pancreatitis
Pancreatitis: symptoms and causes of disease of the pancreas

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Symptoms of acute and chronic pancreatitis are different, as well as the features of its course and possible complications of the disease. Symptoms of chronic pancreatitis is often mild, but symptoms of the disease in the acute form are very. When the clinical picture of the acute form is more urgent to consult a specialist not only for treatment but also for the differential diagnosis from acute cholecystitis, appendicitis can cause similar symptoms.

Symptoms of the acute stage

In acute pancreatitis, activities, directly in the pancreas, the enzymes of digestive juice hit her cell. Thus, the action of the enzyme lipase that breaks down fats, leads to fatty degeneration of the tissues. Trypsin, promote digestion of proteins, to provoke various chemical reactions, causing swelling of the tissues of the pancreas and necrosis (death) of cells.
In the first stage of destruction is necrosis, aseptic, of the local, but without urgent treatment it covers the nearby organs, the accession of infection induce the formation of new foci of inflammation, septic complications.
Common symptoms of acute pancreatitis include:

  • pain zoster nature, localized in the right or left hypochondrium. The pain symptoms are intense and not alleviated with medication even with timely early treatment at the first attack. Pain syndrome is so pronounced that it may provoke the onset of painful shock, loss of consciousness, can cause death. The duration of The attack may last from one hour to several days;
  • complete lack of appetite, nauseam, vomiting, does not improve well-being. In the vomit contents of the stomach observed with inclusions of bile;
  • hyperthermia of the body (more than 38°C), rapid pulse (over 90 BPM), respiration, lowering blood pressure (less than 90 mm/Hg.St.);
  • heartburn, bouts of hiccups, burping, dry mouth;
  • the appearance of a white or yellowish coating on the tongue;
  • the tension of the abdominal wall;
  • bloating in the upper divisions of the peritoneum that is caused by disorders of the digestive systems;
  • the bouts of diarrhea, constipation, inclusion in the feces in the form of undigested food residues;
  • the change in color of skin: paleness, cyanosis, jaundiced skin and sclera as a result of the development of obstructive jaundice in acute pancreatitis sclerosing reactive form, triggered by gallstone disease or causing compression of bile ducts due to an increase and swelling of the pancreas;
  • change in blood pressure – increase or decrease his performance;
  • the overall significant deterioration of health, rapid weight loss, bouts of sweating.

Signs of exacerbation of chronic forms of the disease

Pain attacks in acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis localized is the same, where and in acute pancreatitis, and, depending on the characteristics of the disease, is felt in the right or left hypochondrium, pain irradiiruet in the back, is surrounding the character, may spread to the shoulder blade, the sternum, depending on the place of inflammation and stage of the disease. To provoke exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis can drinking alcohol, eating fatty or spicy food.
Pain during exacerbations of the disease occurs on the background of the development of the inflammatory process affecting the nerve endings of the pancreas and edema and increasing body involving the nerve endings in the surrounding tissues. Soreness may occur after violation of the diet, lasts from several minutes to several days. Reduction of pain syndrome observed when bending down, squatting on his haunches.
In addition to expressed pain exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis is also accompanied by the following symptoms:

  • bloating, belching, diarrhea, nauseam, vomiting due to disorders of the digestive system due to the enzyme deficiency;
  • reduction of body weight, deterioration of General health. There are also dry skin, brittle nail plates how anaemic, the symptoms of beriberi, fatigue, etc. as a result of metabolic disorders of protein, carbohydrate, fat, and chronic intoxication decay products of undigested food;
  • flatulence, disorders of stool, chronic diarrhea, prolonged constipation due to insufficient digestion of food, strengthening and multiplication of bacteria, which adversely affect the microflora.

The clinical picture pronounced exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis are similar to acute form. The sudden worsening of the disease can also develop necrosis of the pancreas, causing acute pain seizures and requires urgent medical intervention and hospitalization of the patient.

Complications of pancreatitis

Almost any form of pancreatitis, in which therapy is started promptly, if you are not able to cure the significant decrease in probable complications and slow down the processes of destruction one of the most important organs of the human digestive system.
Complications of acute pancreatitis or exacerbation of chronic forms can evolve in a very short juices and cause significant damage to health and even death.
Indeed, chronic pancreatitis, even in the erased form, unexpressed clinical picture is also dangerous. As damage to the cells that replace the glandular tissue connecting the pancreas gradually loses its ability to function.
The main complications of chronic pancreatitis include:

  • diabetes that develops as a result of pancreatic insufficiency, the reduction of the hormone insulin;
  • cachexia, chronic intoxication of the organism;
  • abscess of the pancreas;
  • pulmonary complications;
  • the development of pancreatogenic ascites;
  • disease and dysfunction of other organs of the gastrointestinal tract (cholecystitis, peptic ulcer disease of duodenum);
  • cystic masses in the glandular tissues of the body;
  • obstructive jaundice as a result of compression of the bile ducts;
  • fatal.

In exacerbations of inflammation may develop infectious processes, as in the tissues of the pancreas, adjacent organs and tissues. Localization of the pancreas in close proximity to large aorta contributes to the rapid spread of the inflammation, joined infections, General intoxication decay products of necrotic tissue. In the absence of the necessary therapy, strict adherence to the rules of nutrition in pancreatitis can be formed abscesses, to begin bleeding.

Early and late consequences of acute pancreatitis

In pancreatitis, manifested in an acute form, complications may occur immediately or have long-term consequences. Early complications developing in the beginning of an attack include:

  • hypovolemic shock shock, leading to a lack of oxygen in the tissues of all organs of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • hepatic, renal failure, provoked by the toxic effects of digestive enzymes;
  • peritonitis, aseptic or purulent, developing on the background of accession to the inflammatory process of infection;
  • cardiovascular, respiratory failure and other complications.

The development of late complications of acute pancreatitis of the nature of the flow occurs mainly on the accession of infection. The most frequent late complications of pancreatitis include sepsis, abdominal abscesses, the formation of fistulas in the digestive system, purulent inflammation, formation of pseudocysts. of the pancreas, internal bleeding, etc. a High statistical rate of mortality from advanced forms of pancreatitis – according to various estimates from 15 to 90%, especially due to alcohol intoxication, evidence of the need for timely therapy and preventive measures to prevent development of this disease.

Methods of diagnosis of pancreatitis

Timely conducted diagnostic study, identifying the causes of pancreatitis, treatment help prevent the development of severe and numerous consequences. Acute and exacerbation of chronic diseases require a referral to a specialist immediately. However, when the initial signs of illness, discomfort during or after eating, sensations of bloating, disorders of the digestive system also need to consult a gastroenterologist before the beginning of the more pronounced clinical signs of pancreatitis.
Diagnostic procedures include visual inspection of the skin, assessing skin dryness, elasticity, discoloration, tongue of the patient (if acute pancreatitis on the surface of the observed whitish bloom and atrophy of taste buds). Superficial and deep palpation of the epigastric and left hypochondrium to determine the presence of pain when pressure is applied, which is also a clinical symptom of pancreatitis.
After exploring and collecting history that can be assigned to laboratory and instrumental methods of diagnosis of pancreatitis. These include biochemical analyses of blood, stool and urine.
Early laboratory diagnostics allows to determine the increase in the level of amylase in blood and urine, which is manifested in the first hours of acute illness. The amount of lipase increases 2-3 days from the beginning of pronounced inflammatory process, and its increased level indicates a prolonged exacerbation. The enzyme trypsin, is determined in patient’s blood, indicates the beginning of the defeat of the tissues of the body.
During exacerbation also notes the increased importance of bilirubin and sugar, and the presence in the feces partially split, nezapravlenny fats, proteins, carbohydrates evidence of pancreatic insufficiency.
General blood analysis is not so informative, however, is not pointing to the enzymes and the consequences of their failure, it shows the number of leukocytes and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Both figures are elevated in pancreatitis.

Methods of instrumental diagnostics

Diagnostics allows to determine the size of the affected organ, the presence of inclusions, cystic formations, the structure of tissues, glandular, connective, or with signs of necrosis, involvement in inflammatory process of surrounding organs, and their General condition.
Methods of instrumental diagnostics with pancreatitis include ultrasound examination (sonography) of the abdominal cavity, x-ray diffraction study, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), endoscopic retrograde stresses (ERCP), magnetic resonance imaging, laparoscopy. The choice of method is based on the severity of symptoms and the overall clinical picture of the disease.
If the presence of marked tissue necrosis may resort to the method of percutaneous puncture for the extraction of biopsy material with the purpose of bacteriological examination, the identification of the nature of necrosis, sensitivity of the infectious agent to a group of medicines.

Features of treatment of acute and chronic pancreatitis
Pancreatitis: symptoms and causes of disease of the pancreas

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Alt=Methods of medical therapy in pancreatitis
Methods of therapy in acute and chronic forms of pancreatitis vary depending on the clinical symptoms, severity of pancreatitis, etiology, presence of comorbidities, General health of the patient and his age.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis is carried out exclusively in stationary conditions. The first appointment in acute pancreatitis – a complete starvation for several days, without exception. Stay in the hospital allows not only to control the diet and to prescribe an appropriate medication, but if necessary emergency or routine operational methods used in severe diseases and the threat to the life of the patient.
The methods of surgical treatment for pancreatitis include the removal plots nekrotizirovanne fabric, the installation of the drainage system.

Drugs used in acute stage of the disease

To the drug therapy of the acute form of the disease referred courses of drugs directed action. These include the following groups of medicines:

  • cytotoxic agents to block inflammatory processes;
  • painkillers, antispasmodic drugs, anticholinergics, acute pain attacks can be used the medicines of narcotic group.
  • antisecretory drugs, blockers of production of enzymes by the pancreas is used to reduce the likelihood of complications, leaf tissue becoming necrotic tissues of the body;
  • the spread of the inflammatory process, the accession of infection, development of purulent foci prescribe antibiotics;
  • the introduction of solutions of drugs aimed at reducing the level of intoxication of the organism, provoked by the circulation of digestive enzymes in the blood, parenteral nutrition, administration of electrolyte solutions, amino acids intravenously.

Drug treatment of chronic form of the disease

In chronic recurrent pancreatitis in remission prescribe drugs pancreatic enzymes are not effectively performing their functions. The choice that doctors prescribe to patients with pancreatitis and in what dosage, based on the results of laboratory studies of blood, urine and feces. A course of drug therapy enzyme preparations supplemented with drugs to normalize digestion, enhance intestinal motility, restoration of acid-alkaline balance. Apply vitamin therapy: medicines and medicines with vitamins A, C, D, K, E and b group, make an appointment lipoic acid, cocarboxylase, and so on, according to testimony.
An important part of treatment is diet with a strict exception of oily, spicy foods is strictly prohibited use of alcohol. In chronic forms are encouraged to complete fasting for one or two days. Symptoms of pancreatitis does not mean a complete cure and is not a reason for inclusion in the diet of forbidden foods.

First aid in acute pancreatitis

The appearance of the first signs of the acute form of the disease is the reason for the urgent call of a brigade of Ambulance professionals. Before that, you must observe the following rules:

  • absolutely can not eat or drink anything, as it provokes the secretion of pancreatic juice and can significantly aggravate the situation and increase the area of destruction of the pancreas, involved in the inflammatory process in other organs;
  • to take a horizontal position (if vomiting – lie on your side), you can push your knees to the stomach, if it makes the pain;
  • try to relax the muscles of the belly, the abdomen;
  • put a cold object on the stomach: ice pack and a towel, a plastic bottle, water bottle, etc., that will reduce the rate of development of inflammation.

It is not recommended to use medication to relieve pain, first, at the beginning of the attack they are ineffective, and secondly, such drugs can reduce the informativeness of the clinical picture and complicate diagnosis. In severe may need to use drugs-antispasmodics such to reduce the force of the spasm: drotaverine (Drotaverine no-Spa), Strong. About taking medication need to inform the specialists.
During exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis General rule the first day is expressed in three words: cold, hunger and peace. It helps reduce inflammation, return to a state of remission. However, in acute pancreatitis, treatment should be exclusively in stationary conditions under the supervision of experts.

Nutrition in pancreatitis
Pancreatitis: symptoms and causes of disease of the pancreas

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Compliance with the assigned diet for pancreatitis is the mainstay of therapy. Impossible how to cure pancreatitis and slow its development by not following the diet rules.
With the help of dieting in the most part to adjust the functioning of the pancreas, how to control the disease. Diet is appointed at the stage of remission at the end of the period of acute pancreatitis. The chronic form of pancreatitis requires lifelong compliance with the rules of supply.
An attack of pancreatitis depending on the severity of the flow requires strict fasting from 2 to 5 days. The second day you can start taking warm alkaline water to reduce acidity, a weak decoction of rose hips, clean water. In the presence of improvements on 3-6 day you can start to use liquid grain porridge without additives, milk, sugar, oil and other flavor enhancers.
On the sixth day from the beginning of the attack the diet may be expanded to include low-fat soups vegetarian vegetable soups, lean fish, mild tea and other products upon the recommendation of the doctor. Next, is appointed General diet for pancreatitis depending on the stage of the disease.
Thus, in chronic pancreatitis in remission, the diet is adjusted based on the analysis of the digestive system, functioning in conditions of enzyme deficiency.

Diet during remission

To the General rules of nutrition in chronic pancreatitis in remission include the following:

  • the total amount of food consumed per day, divided into 5-6 small, approximately equal parts to facilitate the functioning of the digestive system;
  • the temperature of the food should be approximately equal to the body temperature and in no case to exceed 60°C, eliminates the use of hot and cold dishes;
  • the maximum limit of the amount of fatty, spicy, fried foods, sausages, smoked meats, canned foods, seasonings and spices, is able to cause exacerbation of the disease, the exclusion of foods rich in crude fiber (cabbage, legumes, etc.), caffeinated and carbonated drinks, alcohol, chocolate, sweets, oily, fatty creams and so on;
  • the replacement of roughage soft: boiled or steamed mashed vegetables and fruits, soups, etc.;
  • adhere to the daily norms of consumption of fats (no more than 60 g in total), protein (60 to 120 g depending on body mass, age, physical activity, stages and features of pancreatitis), carbohydrates (300-400 g).

The diet in chronic pancreatitis should include the following products:

  • slightly dried bread made from flour of the first or second grade (fresh baked goods excluded);
  • chopped vegetable soups;
  • boiled cereals and grains: rice, buckwheat, pasta, small shape, oats;
  • lean meats, fish, chicken, Turkey, prepared by way of boiling or steamed;
  • omelettes of protein steamed or baked;
  • boiled, roasted vegetables (potatoes, pumpkin, beets, carrots, zucchini, squash);
  • fresh, natural dairy products with low percentage of fats, no dyes and preservatives, low in acidity (cheese, sour milk, yogurt), lean and not spicy cheese, milk with low percentage of fats (sparingly, only when adding to dishes or tea);
  • butter and sunflower oil in limited quantities;
  • fruits and berries with low acidity level, sugar content, preferably sour apples;
  • honey, jam, marmalade, fruit jellies, mousses and so on.

As drinking with pancreatitis is recommended to use pure water, weak teas, alkaline mineral water without gas, a decoction of rose hips, vegetable, fruit juices, fruit drinks, non-acidic fruit drinks, herbal teas and infusions on the advice of a specialist.

Forbidden foods and the principle of food processing

Not recommended for patients at any stage of pancreatitis such products as pork, lamb, goose, duck, mushrooms, garlic, sorrel, pickles and marinades in any form, radish, legumes, cabbage, grapes and grape juice, margarine, coffee, cocoa, cinnamon, bananas, ice cream and sherbet. With any form of pancreatitis on the consumption of alcoholic beverages must not be forgotten.
Proper food preparation techniques and product selection contribute to the remission of all forms of pancreatitis and to reduce the likelihood of exacerbations and relapses in chronic pancreatitis or a single outbreak in history. A selection of recipes allows you to eat, not to experience the consequences of the restrictive principles of the diet, to avoid disruption.
In exacerbations of the chronic forms of pancreatitis in the first days appoint starvation, supplementing it at least reduce the severity of symptoms by use of heated alkaline water every two hours in small doses.
After the acute stage of pancreatitis back to a gentle diet, starting with pureed liquid porridge, vegetable purees, low-fat varieties of fish.
When pancreatitis is not recommended to mix in a single meal different types of protein, for example, to use fish and cheese, beef and chicken, etc.
The preferred method of cooking if necessary, heat treatment is the dispersion of the product to further cooking, baking, whether cooking for a couple. On demand grinding, pureromance performed twice, before and after cooking.

Prevention of pancreatitis

Pancreatitis is a disease that is easier to prevent than to cure. Prevention of inflammatory diseases of the pancreas includes a proper diet and nutrition, limitation or elimination of factors contributing to the violations in the digestive system, other systems and organs, infectious disease prevention, healthy lifestyle and timely treatment to the doctor for any discomfort or painful sensation.
Prevention of exacerbations in chronic pancreatitis in remission include not only taking the prescribed medication and diet, but also a Spa treatment and examination by a gastroenterologist specialist at least twice a year.

 

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